Choice of internal fixation selection and clinical effect of olecranon fracture / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To compare clinical effects of common Kirschner wire, anatomical plate and perforated Kirschner wire in treating olecranon fracture.@*METHODS@#From March 2014 to May 2017, clinical data of 79 patients with olecranon fracture treated with different internal fixation was retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 26 patients treated with common Kirschner wire (group A), including 19 males and 7 females aged from 23 to 51 years old with an average of (37.2±9.6) years old;11 patients were typeⅠ, and 15 patients were typeⅡ according to Mayo classification. Twenty eight patients were treated with olecroanon anatomical plate internal fixation, including 16 males and 12 females aged from 25 to 52 years old with an average of (36.6±8.9) years old;10 patientswere typeⅠ and 18 patients were typeⅡ according to Mayo classification. Twenty five patients were treated with perforated Kirschner wire, including 13 males and 12 females aged from 26 to 51 years old with an average of (38.2±9.2) years old;9 patients were typeⅠand 16 patients were typeⅡ according to Mayo classification. Operation time, intraoperatve blood loss, fracture healing time and postoperative complications among three groups were compared; VAS score at 1 week after operation was used to evaluate pain relief, Broberg-Morrey function score of elbow joint at the final follow up was applied to evaluate clinical effect.@*RESULTS@#Seventy nine patients were followed up from 13 to 23 months with an average of (18.3±4.5) months. Operation time, intraoperatve blood loss, fracture healing time in group A were (82.9±19.7) min, (113.5±32.3) ml, (4.2±0.6) months respectively;in group B were(101.2±24.5) min, (150.2±39.5) ml, (4.6±0.8) months respectively;in group C were (83.3±18.7) min, (119.3±34.3) ml, (4.1±0.5) months respectively. Operation time, intraoperatve blood loss, fracture healing time in group A and group C were better than that of group B(0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Common Kirschner wire has more complications; anatomical plate has greater surgical trauma and long fracture healing time;while perforated Kirschner wire was not only benefit for fracture union with less trauma, but also could reducing the incidence of postoperative complications, and it is the appropriate method for patients with olecranon fracture.

Development of Monoclonal Antibodies for Diagnosis of Plasmodium vivax

Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) is a strong target antigen for the determination of infection with Plasmodium species specifically. However, a more effective antibody is needed because of the low sensitivity of the current antibody in many immunological diagnostic assays. In this study, recombinant Plasmodium vivax LDH (PvLDH) was experimentally constructed and expressed as a native antigen to develop an effective P. vivax-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb). Two mAbs (2CF5 and 1G10) were tested using ELISA and immunofluorescence assays (IFA), as both demonstrated reactivity against pLDH antigen. Of the 2 antibodies, 2CF5 was not able to detect P. falciparum, suggesting that it might possess P. vivax-specificity. The detection limit for a pair of 2 mAbs-linked sandwich ELISA was 31.3 ng/ml of the recombinant antigen. The P. vivax-specific performance of mAbs-linked ELISA was confirmed by in vitro-cultured P. falciparum and P. vivax-infected patient blood samples. In conclusion, the 2 new antibodies possessed the potential to detect P. vivax and will be useful in immunoassay.

Potential Interaction of Plasmodium falciparum Hsp60 and Calpain

After invasion of red blood cells, malaria matures within the cell by degrading hemoglobin avidly. For enormous protein breakdown in trophozoite stage, many efficient and ordered proteolysis networks have been postulated and exploited. In this study, a potential interaction of a 60-kDa Plasmodium falciparum (Pf)-heat shock protein (Hsp60) and Pf-calpain, a cysteine protease, was explored. Pf-infected RBC was isolated and the endogenous Pf-Hsp60 and Pf-calpain were determined by western blot analysis and similar antigenicity of GroEL and Pf-Hsp60 was determined with anti-Pf-Hsp60. Potential interaction of Pf-calpain and Pf-Hsp60 was determined by immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence assay. Mizoribine, a well-known inhibitor of Hsp60, attenuated both Pf-calpain enzyme activity as well as P. falciparum growth. The presented data suggest that the Pf-Hsp60 may function on Pf-calpain in a part of networks during malaria growth.

Biomechanical study on type I+II+III standard hemipelvic prosthesis under single-leg stance / 医用生物力学

Biomechanical study on type I+II+III standard hemipelvic prosthesis under single-leg stance

Application of three dimensional registration based on CT data for orthodontics / 华西口腔医学杂志

In recent years, three dimensional imaging registration has been developed rapidly in clinics. Medical image registration plays an important role in the research of orthodontic image processing field. In this study, we Introduce the applications of CT registration on several clinical cases. After the registration of the pre- and post-treatment CT data, the position changes of teeth and the modeling of alveolar bone and the adaptive changes of soft tissue can be assessed precisely respectively. The three dimensional registration provides us a new and precise method to study the outcome and mechanism of orthodontics. And more studies of three dimensional registration should be performed to promote three dimensional oral medical assessment researches.

Accuracy evaluation of computer aided design and computer aided manufacture template for implant placement / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The computer aided design and computer aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) template was fabricated basing on CT data of completely edentulous jaws, and the accuracy of template was evaluated by assessment of the deviation between the actual and planning position of the implant after the registration of pre- and post-operative CT images.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The CAD/CAM templates for 4 completely edentulous jaws were designed and fabricated basing on the pre-operative CT data and the stone models of the jaws sample. And 14 implants were placed in the posterior region of the jaws aided by the CAD/CAM template. The pre- and post-operative CT was registered by the point to point method, and the deviation between actual and virtual implants was measured to assess the accuracy of the template.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>With the aid of CAD/CAM template, the deviations of the position at the tail of the implant, at the tip of the implant and the projected deviation of angle were (0.19 +/- 0.07) mm, (0.47 +/- 0.12) mm, and 1.790 +/- 0.68 degrees respectively, and the deviations of the position at the bucco-palatal, disto-mesial, vertical direction were (0.22 +/- 0.08) mm, (0.25 +/- 0.06) mm, (0.30 +/- 0.11) mm at the tip respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Within the limits of this study, the results verify the accuracy of CAD/CAM template and support its use for safety implant placement.</p>

Influence of periodontal ligament injury on initial stability for immediately loaded mini-implant / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the influence of periodontal ligament (PDL) injury on initial stability for immediately loaded mini-implant anchorage.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The sample consisted of 153 adult patients with maxillary protrusion deformity. Guiding by the positioning device designed by Choi, 306 mini-implants were inserted by self-tapping in the upper right and left buccal areas between the first molars and second premolars. The mini-implants were divided into two groups according to CT scanning. The mini-implant was absolutely separated from PDL (group I), the mini-implant appeared to touch or overlay on PDL, but not contact to the adjacent roots (group II). If orthodontic force could be applied to the mini-implants for four months, the mini-implant was recorded as successful anchorage. After immediate loading for four months, the analyses were completed by SPSS 9.0 software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 306 inserted mini-implants, 162 were absolutely separated from PDL, 136 appeared to touch or overlay on PDL, but not contact to the adjacent roots, and 8 were excluded from this study because of injury to the adjacent root. The success rates of group I and II were 87.0% and 65.4% respectively. There were significant differences in the success rates between the two groups (P<0.001). The differences between the two groups in distribution of the upper right and left area had statistical significance (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PDL injury is one of the main reasons leading to early loosening of the mini-implant.</p>

Clinical effect of modified forsus appliance to children with mandibular retrusion / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effects of modified Forsus appliance in the treatment of Class II mandibular retrusion.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>18 children with mandibular retrusion were selected and treated with modified Forsus appliance. Cephalometric radiographs were taken and analyzed at pre-treatment and post-treatment. Students' t-test was used to determine if there were significant differences between pre-treatment and post-treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 6-8 months of therapy, profiles were obviously improved. B moved forward (2.9+/-3.1) mm. ANB decreased (2.5+/-1.2) degrees. The overjet decreased (5.0+2.8) mm. The molar relationship was corrected to Class I from Class II. SN-OL increased (4.3+2.2) degrees. There was significant difference between pre-treatment and post-treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Combined with straight wire appliance, modified Forsus appliance can effectively stimulate the mandibular growth, balance the jaw relationship, and correct mandibular retrusion.</p>

Reliability evaluation for thirteen parameters describing anteroposterior apical base relationship in Angle Class II division 1 patients / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study 13 different cephalometric measurements of the anteroposterior jaw relationship in Angle Class II division 1 statistically and geometrically, and to discuss the effects of various factors on this relationship, and then to choose the most adequate measurements.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>120 patients with skeletal malocclusion Angle Class II division 1 were selected. The samples consisted of 60 men and 60 women between 20 to 28 years of age. Lateral cephalometric radiograph for each patient was taken in natural head posture by the same operator. A wire plumb line and suspended weight recorded the true vertical on each radiograph. The subject was then asked to determine the self-balanced position of the head. After determining the self-balanced neutral position, the subject was asked to look into his/her own eyes in the mirror. ANB angle, A-B plane angle, Wits appraisal, AF-BF distance, AXB angle, AB/SN4 distance, AB/PP distance, AXD angle, AD/SN distance, SGn/AB angle, APDI, FABA angle, beta angle and AB/HP distance were measured. Coefficient correlations among measurements were tabulated to determine which combination would produce a higher value. Fuzzy grouping analysis was made.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Statistically significant and highly correlated relationships was found among many measurements except Wits appraisal and SGn/AB angle. The thirteen measurements could be divided into five clusters.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The cephalometric measurements except Wits appraisal and SGn/AB angle can be used to evaluate anteroposterior jaw relationship. The AB/SN4 distance is the most adequate measurements. ANB angle, A-B plane angle, AF-BF distance, AXB angle, AB/PP distance, APDI, FABA angle and beta angle are similar in describing anteroposterior apical base relationship in Angle Class II division 1 patients.</p>

Mechanism of acute liver injury induced by crushing hindlimbs in rabbits / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the role of oxidative stress in acute liver injury during crushing hindlimbs in rabbit.@*METHODS@#The crushing injury model in rabbit was established by intermittent crushing the hind limbs of rabbit with standard weight. The ALT and AST activities were spectrophotometrically measured. The weight ratio (wet/dry,W/D) of livers was measured with scale, and the pathologic changes were observed. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and total anti-oxidant capacity (T-AOC) as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) level were spectrophotometrically measured.@*RESULTS@#As compared with control rabbits, crushing hindlimbs of rabbits induced acute liver injury with the increase in ALT and AST activities in serum,which were 4.31 (P < 0.01) and 10.54 times (P < 0.01) of control group respectively, there were cellular swellings and slight congestion of hepatic sinuses. In addition,crushing hind-limbs elicited significant decrease in SOD,CAT,GSH-Px activity and T-AOC to 17%, 29%, 24% and 21% (P < 0.01) compared with control group respectively, whereas MDA level markedly enhanced.@*CONCLUSION@#Crushing hindlimbs of rabbits induced acute liver injury and significant decrease in anti-oxidant capacity, the latter maybe play an important role in crushing hind-limbs of rabbits-elicited the acute liver injury.

FEM study on displacement, position of rotation center and stress distribution of PDL under various loading force systems / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the displacement, the position of rotation center and the stress distribution of PDL under different loading force system (Moment/Force, M/F) by simulating clinical loading force system.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A three-dimensional finite element model of upper central incisor, which consists of 945 isoparametric elements and 1,245 nodes was developed. The displacement, the position of the rotation center and the stress distribution of PDL were analyzed under 13 types of loading force system.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>1. Different force system led to different types of tooth movement. When M/F= -9.15:1, -10.30 - -10.50:1 and -10.90:1, it brought the result of controlled tipping movement, the bodily movement and the root movement; 2. The graph of the center rotation was a hyperbolic asymptotic line: Mx/Fy = -10.50 (horizontal axis) and L = 6.75 (vertical axis). Moreover, a little change of M/F between -9.15 and -10.90 led to apparent change of the position of rotation center. 3. The maximum strain and stress during the tipping movement were 1.47 x 10(-2) MPa and -2.81 x 10(-2) MPa, and during the bodily movement the results were 1.10 x 10(-2) MPa and -1.86 x 10(-2) MPa, while during the root movement were 0.96 x 10(-2) MPa and -2.58 x 10(-2) MPa.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>1 . Different force system (M/F) leads to different types of tooth movement. 2. It is necessary to adjust the force system accurately to obtain prescient tooth movement, especially when M/F changes between -9.15:1 and -10.90:1. 3. This study suggested that the tooth movement style and the force system (M/F) should be controlled to protect the periodontal tissue.</p>